Passage Five
No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world, but _1_ suggest the figure is over 450 million. The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total _2_ of Canada. In the United Kingdom, about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is not just something that happens to other people. As we get older, many of us will become less mobile, hard of hearing or have failing _3_.
Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are _4_ with disabilities. Many others become disabled as they get older. There are many progressive disabling diseases. The longer time goes on, the _5_ they become. Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness. All are affected by people’s _6_ towards them.
Disabled people face many physical _7_. Next time you go shopping or to work or visit friends, imagine how you would _8_ if you could not get up steps, or on to buses and trains. How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers: prejudice can be even harder to break down and ignorance inevitably represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully _9_ what the severely disabled go through, so it is important to draw _10_ to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability, not their disability, which counts.
Passage Six
The study was written and researched by Britain’s National Consumer Council （NCC） for lobby group Consumer International. It was _1_ by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission.
“While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately _2_ about the environmental impact of products they buy,” said Consumers International director Anna Fielder.
The 10-country study _3_ product packaging in Britain, Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States. It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on _4_ .
The report focused on claims made by _5_ products, such as detergent， insect sprays and by some garden products. It did not test the claims, but 6 them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization （ISO） in September, 1999.
“Many products had specially designed labels to make them seem _7_ friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing.” said report researcher Philip Page.
“Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73.The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the _8_ .” he said.
The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product _9_ , because terms such as “environmentally friendly” and “non-polluting” cannot be verified. “What we are now _10_ for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO.” said Page.
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