25年6月六级考试参考答案
听力原文
Long Convo 01
M: Good morning. My name is Bob Fetterman. I'm the computer technician.
W: Didn't I call for you last week?
M: Maybe? I work for Alpha Maintenance. I imagine someone from your office called our central office and I'm the engineer designated to your case.
W: Yeah, I spoke to a lady there last Tuesday, which is now 10 days ago. I made it clear it was an urgent matter and please send someone as soon as possible. Couldn't you or someone else have come sooner?
M: I'm sorry, but I'm not in charge of scheduling all logistics. I simply do not know. All I can tell you is I got the call this week and came as soon as I could.
W: I see. Well, I'll have, you know, my manager is rather indignant that it's taken you this long to come. I understand it might not be your fault, but nevertheless, you should know what the feeling is around here.
M: I understand, and I'm sorry for any inconvenience. I will try to resolve your computer problem as swiftly and optimally as I can. What and where is the issue?
W: It's this machine right here. It was running slow for a while, I guess, and gradually got worse and worse last Tuesday. It just stopped working altogether. If you switch it on, you will see what I mean.
M: Okay. Do you know if it's backed up? Backed up. I mean, do you know if its contents have been copied and saved somewhere else?
W: I don't know.
M: Well, depending on the ensuing operative scenario, if I need to wipe the system directories clean in order to reconfigure default protocols, then my first intervention should be to intricately retrieve all inventories that I can. Otherwise, all data that was stored on its hard drive will be forever lost.
W: My manager would know. Let me go get him.
Q01: What did the woman do last Tuesday?
Q02: What does the man say he did when he got the call?
Q03: What is the feeling about the problem around the woman's workplace?
Q04: What does the woman say her manager would know?
Long Convo 02
M: Have you given more thought to studying law?
W: I've been thinking about it a lot. Yes. In fact, this is why I wished to speak to you.
I wanted to hear more about what it's like.
M: A career in law is a beautiful thing in my opinion. Many people will say it's a boring field, but I disagree. The thing is there are many different branches of law and many different jobs.
W: You are involved with buildings and construction, right?
M: Correct. I'm a solicitor specializing in real estate. Most of my work involves mediating land disputes.
W: Do you mind giving me an example?
M: Sure. So in many cases I am employed to arbitrate between two clashing parties. Let's say for example, there are two landowners who are in a thorny disagreement about something like the borders of their adjacent plots. Someone may employ me to break the deadlock and resolve the dispute. Often my work involves negotiating agreements, plain and simple.
W: So you are saying that a lot of what you do is fix people's legal issues, like you try to find a solution that benefits everyone and that prevents a problem from escalating.
M: Exactly well put. You need to remember that courts like all bureaucracies really can be very messy, frustrating, and expensive. For this reason, it's usually better to resolve problems outside of court whenever possible.
W: I see. So besides knowing the law inside out, you need good people skills, right?
M: Of course. Any job that involves people requires good interpersonal skills, and any law professional needs to be very eloquent at articulating that argument.
W: Right. So I've been thinking about studying criminal law. I think it sounds very interesting.
M: Mm-hmm. Yes. I'd say there's more money in property law, but the stakes are higher in criminal law. I can see how you would find it more interesting
Q05: What will many people say about a career in law?
Q06: What does the man say most of his work involves?
Q07: Why does the man say it's usually better to resolve problems outside of court whenever possible?
Q08: What does the man think is required of any law professional?
Psg 01
When a person tries to access a memory, their brains quickly examine everything stored in it to find the relevant information. But as we age, many of us have difficulty retrieving memories. In a review published in the Journal Trends in Cognitive Sciences on February 11th, researchers propose an explanation for why this might be happening. The brains of older adults allocate more space to accumulated knowledge and have more material to navigate when attempting to access memories. While this wealth of prior knowledge can make memory retrieval challenging, the researchers say it has its upsides. This life experience can aid with creativity and decision making.
Researchers Tarek Amer, Jordana Wynn, and Lynn Hasher looked at several behavioral and brain imaging studies which show that older adults have difficulty suppressing information that is no longer relevant, and that when searching for a specific memory, they often retrieve other irrelevant memories along with it. The studies also showed that when given a cognitive task, older adults rely more heavily on previous knowledge than younger adults do. While the researchers focus primarily on the difficulties that these disorderly, crowded memories may pose, they also highlight a few situations in which these same memory patterns may be useful. Evidence suggests that older adults show preserved and at times enhanced creativity as a function of enriched memories, researchers write. They further hypothesize that older adults may be well served by their prior knowledge when it comes to decision making where they can pull on their accumulated wisdom.
Q09: What did the researchers do in their review in the journal Trends in Cognitive Sciences?
Q10: What do several behavioral and brain imaging studies show?
Q11: What does evidence suggest regarding older adults?
Psg 02
There are at least four major problems with work in America today. First work can be alienating. Workers are often not in control of how they work when they work, what is done with the goods and services they produce and with is done with the profits made from their work. Second, workers are not paid the full value of their labor. Real wages have not kept pace with productivity. Driving economic inequality and a decline in labor's share of income. Third, people are time poor. In the US full-time employees work an average of 8.72 hours per day. Despite productivity increases, long working hours contribute to the feeling of time poverty, which has an adverse effect on psychological wellbeing.
Fourth, automation puts jobs and wages at risk. Technological innovation could, in theory, liberate people from the 40 hour work week, but unless changes are made to the structure of work, automation will simply exert downward pressure on wages and further diminish work opportunities. So what can be done to alleviate these problems? There are competing visions of the best way to arrive at a solution. One vision is what's known as the post-work position. The post-work theorists believe that work should not hold a central position in our lives or take up so much of our time. They assert that although doing some work might be necessary, meaning, purpose and social value reside in the communities and relationships built and sustained outside of the workplace. Thus, life should be seen as an end in itself.
Q12: What do we learn about American workers from the passage?
Q13: What does the passage say long working hours contribute to?
Q14: What does automation do according to the passage?
Q15: What do post-work theorists advocate?