2021的考生们,考研英语基础复习,一个是单词,再一个就是语法,一定要掌握精通了,英语长难句的学习就该安排上了, 语法九大代词也一定要明白,今天中公考研小编整理分享 "2021考研英语语法九大代词解析:不定代词",希望可以帮助到你。
不定代词
(一)both,all
1. both用于两者,all用于三者及三者以上,其后接名词复数形式,谓语动词用复数,在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。
例句: Similar elements in the prehistoric remains from both areas suggest that Indians and their neighbors had maintained distant but real connections even before 1,500 BC.
分析: 该句是复合句,suggest是主句的谓语动词,that Indians and their neighbors...是一个宾语从句。
译文: 来自两个地区的史前遗迹中的类似成分表明: 印度人和他们的邻居甚至在公元前1500年前就维持着遥远但真实的联系。
例句: In the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization — with all the far reaching changes in social patterns that followed — was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. (2000年第74题)
分析: 该句是并列复合句,whereas连接两个并列分句,其中前一个分句的主句部分为the process of industrialization was spread over nearly a century,而介词短语with...为主语补足语,定语从句that followed修饰changes。
译文: 在早先实现工业化的欧洲国家中,其工业化进程以及随之而来的对社会结构有深远影响的变革延续了将近一个世纪,而现如今,一个发展中国家只用十年左右的时间就可以经历同样的过程。
2. all作代词时,其后谓语动词可以是单数也可以是复数。
例句: All the information we have collected in relation to that case adds up to very little.
分析: 该句是复合句,其中主干部分是All the information...adds up to very little,we have collected in relation to that case 是修饰the information的定语从句。
译文: 我们搜集到的与那件事有关的所有信息都是没有意义的。
例句: All but he and I are going to attend the meeting.
译文: 除了我和他之外,所有人都去开会了。
3. both,all,every和not连用时表示部分否定。
例句:But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the “emotional brain” ) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. (选自2005年Text 3)
分析: 该句是由分号及while连接的并列句,分号相当于连词and,not all...表示部分否定。
译文: 但并不是大脑的所有部分都参与活动,控制情绪的大脑部位异常活跃,然而控制智力和推理能力的前额皮质却相对平静。
例句: Not everyone sees that process in perspective. (选自2002年Use of English)
分析: 该句是简单句。
译文: 不是每个人都能正确看待这个过程。
(二)either, neither, any, each, none, every, some
1. either和neither是一对反义词,表示“两者中任何一个都(不)”,作名词或形容词。
用法为:
either (neither) of the+复数名词+动词单数
either (neither)+单数名词+动词单数
如:Either/Neither of these stories (either/neither story) he told us is as attractive and instructive as that one.
例句: Neither kind of sleep is at all wellunderstood, but REM (rapid eye movements) sleep is assumed to serve some restorative function of the brain.
分析: 该句是并列句。
译文: 人们对这两种睡眠都没有完全了解,但认为快速眼动睡眠有使大脑恢复的功能。
2. either指两者中的任何一个,仅限两者,而each用于两者以上;either和both可互换使用,但both强调整体。
例句: The relationship between Latin American music and black music in the United States is evident in the unaccented beats that are common to either/both.
分析: 该句是复合句,定语从句that are common to either/both修饰beats。
译文: 拉丁美洲音乐同美国黑人音乐的关系明显地表现在这两种音乐各自存在着无重音节拍这一共同点上。
例句: We also expect each place to be appropriate to its use.
分析: 该句是简单句。
译文: 我们也希望每个地方都恰如其分。
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