方法论：考研英语长难句的表达，先抓主干;再分析各个部分;有从句嵌套的话，理清从句嵌套关系;最后可根据原句的含义、思路按汉语语法结构调整语句，通过文字增减、调整句式结构等手段，重新组织文字。
例句： They could even be detrimental, satisfying a need to have “done our bit” without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions – a kind of “moral licensing” that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.(2019英语二 Text4)
本句主要难点在于状语短语功能的理解，并列结构多导致句子变长信息量大。
【断句标志】标点符号
①They could even be harmful, //②satisfying a need to have “done our bit” without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions //③– a kind of “moral licensing” that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.
主干：主系表①They could even be harmful
修饰：
状语②satisfying a need to have “done our bit” without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions
同位语③– a kind of “moral licensing” that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.
【主干】主系表They could even be harmful
主语they(代词);系动词could be;表语harmful(形容词)
状语even(副词)修饰be
【修饰】
状语②satisfying a need to have “done our bit” without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions
v-ing短语作状语，修饰主句。
其中，主要结构为v短语satisfy a need;
后置定语to have “done our bit”(to do不定式)修饰need;状语without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions(介词短语)修饰have
同位语③– a kind of “moral licensing” that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.
n.短语作同位语，修饰破折号前的整个状语(satisfying...actions)。
其中，主要结构为a kind of “moral licensing”，a kind of前置定语(表示种类的of短语)修饰moral licensing;
定语从句that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge修饰moral licensing，
定从中，主语that;谓语1eases和谓语2 stops(v.并列and);宾语1our concerns，宾语2 us+宾补1doing more和宾补2 asking more of those in charge并列;
后置定语in charge(介词短语)修饰those
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