2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试
英语（二）全真模拟试卷 1
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
While western governments worry over the threat of Ebola, a more pervasive but far less harm- ful _1_ is spreading through their populations like a winter sniffle: mobile personal technology.
The similarity between disease organisms and personal devices is _2_ . Viruses and other para- sites control larger organisms, _3_ resources in order to multiply and spread. Smartphones and other gadgets do the same thing, _4_ ever-increasing amounts of human attention and electricity sup- plied _5_ wire umbilici.
It is tempting to _6_ a “strategy” to both phages and phablets, neither of which is sentient. _7_ , the process is evolutionary, consisting of many random evolutions, _8_ experimented with by many product designers. This makes it all the more powerful.
Tech _9_ occurs through actively-learnt responses, or “operant conditioning” as animal be- haviourists call it. The scientific parallel here also involves a rodent, typically a rat, which occupies a _10_ cage called a Skinner Box. The animal is _11_ with a food pellet for solving puzzles and punished with an electric shock when it fails.
“Are we getting a positive boost of hormones when we _12_ look at our phone, seeking re- wards?” asks David Shuker, an animal behaviourist at St Andrews university, sounding a little like a man withholding serious scientific endorsement _13_ an idea that a journalist had in the shower. Re- search is needed, he says. Tech tycoons would meanwhile _14_ that the popularity of mobile devices is attributed to the brilliance of their designs. This is precisely what people whose thought processes have been _15_ by an invasive pseudo-organism would believe.
_16_, mobile technology causes symptoms less severe than physiological diseases. There are even benefits to _17_ sufferers for shortened attention spans and the caffeine overload triggered by visits to Starbucks for the free Wi-Fi. Most importantly, you can _18_ the Financial Times in places as remote as Alaska or Sidcup. In this _19_, a mobile device is closer to a symbiotic organism than a parasite. This would make it _20_ to an intestinal bacterium that helps a person to stay alive, rather than a virus that may kill you.
1.[A] phenomenon [B] epidemic [C] issue [D] event
2.[A] striking [B] obscure [C] interesting [D] mysterious
3.[A] relying [B] choosing [C] grabbing [D] using
4.[A] taking over [B] feeding on [C] catching up [D] allowing for
5.[A] with [B] over [C] to [D] via
6.[A] point [B] turn [C] attribute [D] prefer
7.[A] Instead [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] therwise
8.[A] which [B] as [C] that [D] where
9.[A] progress [B] term [C] crisis [D] addiction
10.[A] dangerous [B] special [C] large [D] funny
11.[A] rewarded [B] resisted [C] resumed [D] reversed
12.[A] anxiously [B] occasionally [C] happily [D] endlessly
13.[A] within [B] from [C] about [D] through
14.[A] support [B] approve [C] argue [D] insist
15.[A] formed [B] seperated [C] classified [D] modified
16.[A] Surprisingly [B] Importantly [C] Fortunately [D] Regrettably
17.[A] compensate [B] help [C] comfort [D] improve
18.[A] share [B] obtain [C] subscribe [D] observe
19.[A] part [B] sense [C] level [D] way
20.[A] adaptive [B] careful [C] similar [D] captive
