☆☆☆ 点击下载《高考英语语法定语从句的用法精讲与专项练习题及答案》 ☆☆☆
高考英语语法定语从句的用法精讲与专项练习题及答案
第1讲 关系词的选择技巧
考点精讲精练
考点1. 相关概念
A. 主句、从句、关系词
例句：This is the boy who won the first prize in the English Speech Competition.
主句：在含有定语从句的复合句中，除去定语从句后的部分，是句子的主句。 (例句中，This is the boy.是主句。)
定语从句：相当于形容词，修饰主句中的一个名词或代词（有时修饰整个主句，相当于主句的一个定语。） (例句中，who won the first prize in the English Speech Competition是定语从句，修饰the boy。)
先行词：先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词等，它总是出现在定语从句的前面。 (例句中，the boy是先行词。)
关系词：关系词指用来引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副词。(例句中，who是关系代词。)
关系词的三个作用
i. 作定语从句的一个句子成分。
ii. 起着连接主句和从句的作用（参看P. 10考点5）。
iii. 代指被修饰的先行词。（例句中，who作定语从句的主语，同时起着连接作用，在意思上，指代的是前面的先行词the boy。）
B. 关系代词
i. 指人时可以用who, 也可用that。
Do you know the boy who/that is my desk mate?
The man who/that was killed in the accident is Tom’s uncle.
ii. 指物时可以用which, 也可用that。
I like visiting places which/that are not far away.
How do you like the film which/that was shown last Sunday.
iii. whose可以指人也可以指物。
He was a painter whose pictures were not well- known in his life time.
The tree whose leaves are red was planted last year.
iv. 关系代词作宾语时可以省略。
I like the meal that/which / ( ) we had last night.
Do you know the boy who/whom/that/( ) we talked about just now? 注：（）表示关系代词省略
